Sensitivity Analyses
The annual rates and HRs for the analyses of the effectiveness and
safety composites in the IPTW treatment groups in an intent-to-treat are
shown in Supplementary Table S12 and Figure 5 (HRs only). Under
intent-to-treat analyses, rivaroxaban 20 mg present a better
effectiveness composite (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.65–0.96), and the observed
improvement in the effectiveness composite was driven by a reduction in
mortality (HR 0.72; 95% CI 0.58–0.91). Those point estimates are in
relation to those observed in the IPTW treatment groups in an
on-treatment, and the level of significance is linked to an increase of
the number of events, particularly among those in the warfarin group.
As shown in Table 2, the rate per 100 person-years of hospitalization
for diabetes complications were similar for warfarin and DOACs, with no
significant HRs. As expected, the results were similar in all the
groups. As shown in Table 3, the E-value closest to boundary 1 for the
effectiveness composite and apixaban 5.0 mg vs. warfarin was 1.53;
hence, the HR that this effectiveness composite could be explained by an
unmeasured confounder occurred 1.53 times more frequently in patients
receiving apixaban 5.0 mg than in patients receiving warfarin, and thus
increased the rate of safety composite events by a factor of 1.53. The
high E-values indicate that the statistically significant results are
robust with regards to unmeasured confounding factors.