Non-fallers n= 53 Fallers n= 79
P-value *
Age (years) a 73.4 (5.7) 74.4 (5.9) 0.33
Gender b male female 22 (41.5) 31 (58.5) 18 (22.8) 61 (77.2)
0.02
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) a 27.3 (4.0) 27.0 (3.6) 0.69
Alcohol use (yes) b 42 (79.2) 55 (69.6) 0.22
Smoking (current) b 12 (22.6) 13 (16.5) 0.67
Depressive symptoms (GDS) c 2 (1-3) 2 (1-5) 0.60
MMSE score c 28 (27-29) 28 (26-29.5) 0.71
Pain (yes) b No pain Some pain Severe pain 20 (37.7) 29 (54.7) 4 (7.5) 25 (31.6) 47 (59.5) 7 (8.9)
0.77
Physical performance c # 8 (4-10) 7 (4-9) 0.27
Handgrip strength maximum (kg) a 29.6 (9.7) 26.6 (9.1) 0.08
Walking aid use (yes) b 15 (28.3) 22 (27.8) 0.96
Number of falls in 12 months prior to study enrolment b No falls One fall Two or more falls 31 (75.6) 7 (17.1) 3 (7.3) 26 (41.9) 19 (30.6) 17 (27.4)
0.002
eGFR ( ml min-1 1.73m²) c 70.0 (60.1-80.7) 65.3 (54.7-76.8) 0.19
Number of medications a 4.1 (2.4) 4.7 (2.3) 0.12
Polypharmacy (yes) b 12 (30) 28 (70) 0.12
Benzodiazepine use (yes) b 4 (7.5) 20 (25.3) 0.01
SSRI use 37 (69.8) 56 (70.9) 0.89
TCA use 17 (32.1) 24 (30.4) 0.84
Opioid use (yes) b 2 (3.8) 10 (12.7) 0.08
Antipsychotic use (yes) b 4 (7.5) 5 (6.3) 0.79
a Mean (SD), b presented as n (%), c Median (IQR; 25%-75%) GDS= Geriatric Depression Scale; MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination; eGFR=Estimated glomerular filtration rate according to Cockcroft and Gault formula; Polypharmacy: use of five or more medications # physical performance: combined score of the walking test, chair stand test and tandem stand test (maximum=12). * statistically significant at p-value <0.05 a Mean (SD), b presented as n (%), c Median (IQR; 25%-75%) GDS= Geriatric Depression Scale; MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination; eGFR=Estimated glomerular filtration rate according to Cockcroft and Gault formula; Polypharmacy: use of five or more medications # physical performance: combined score of the walking test, chair stand test and tandem stand test (maximum=12). * statistically significant at p-value <0.05 a Mean (SD), b presented as n (%), c Median (IQR; 25%-75%) GDS= Geriatric Depression Scale; MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination; eGFR=Estimated glomerular filtration rate according to Cockcroft and Gault formula; Polypharmacy: use of five or more medications # physical performance: combined score of the walking test, chair stand test and tandem stand test (maximum=12). * statistically significant at p-value <0.05 a Mean (SD), b presented as n (%), c Median (IQR; 25%-75%) GDS= Geriatric Depression Scale; MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination; eGFR=Estimated glomerular filtration rate according to Cockcroft and Gault formula; Polypharmacy: use of five or more medications # physical performance: combined score of the walking test, chair stand test and tandem stand test (maximum=12). * statistically significant at p-value <0.05