Abbreviations: GRADE, Grading of recommendations assessment,
development, and evaluation; SMD, standardized mean difference; ESPB,
erector spinae plane block; PIFB, pecto-intercostal fascial block; TTMP,
transversus thoracis muscle plane block.
Table 3. Direct and indirect effects of 24 hours morphine consumption
and postoperative nausea and vomiting and regional anesthesia compared
with placebo