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\begin{document}

\title{Fast 3-D printing of cephalopod beaks utilizing software oriented
techniques}



\author[1]{乐乐 许}%
\author[2]{Jiechun Chen}%
\author[1]{Yongqin Li}%
\author[2]{Dongmei Huang}%
\author[1]{Yao Liu}%
\author[1]{Liyun Wang}%
\author[3]{Bi Liu}%
\affil[1]{Lingnan Normal University}%
\affil[2]{Beijing Genomics Institute Shenzhen}%
\affil[3]{Shanghai Ocean University}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 26, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
The beak which is the feeding organ of cephalopods contains extremely
rich ecological information. To understand its function in different
species the research to the 3-D morphology is essential. In this
article, a full workflow of 3-D model restoration of high-fidelity
cephalopods beak, based on software-oriented techniques, was
established. To begin with, take an upper beak of cuttlefish Sepia
pharaonis for example, a group of isometic view from different
orientations for modeling references could be obtained synchronously, in
few images, with triangular prisms around it. The software Photoshop \selectlanguage{ngerman}©
was applied then to extract the contour of the beak hence to build the
2-D reference gallery. Thirdly, the software ZBrush 2020© was exerted to
create the beaks in 3-D digital form as realistic as possible, based on
reference gallery we built, and printed. These digital-twin models were
compared with their prototype beaks and that of big fin reef squid to
verify their accuracy. The aim of this study was to provide a feasible
method for digital modeling of small organic objects like cephalopod
beak that is accurate, and fast enough to support scientific research
and popular communication.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

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