Perceval SAVR p-value*
N = 265 N = 394
Median (IQR) [mean (SD) where noted]; All costs in USD Median (IQR) [mean (SD) where noted]; All costs in USD
Total hospital costs (in $10,000s)
Mean (SD) 71.60 (49.55) 61.10 (59.35) 0.018
Median (IQR) 57.39 (44.08-78.26) 46.70 (37.09-62.02) <0.001
By Procedure:
Isolated valve 45.16 (39.35-67.24) 41.16 (35.21-52.07) <0.001
CABG + valve 65.59 (51.47-88.35) 55.55 (41.67-76.15) <0.001
Itemized costs (in $s)
Room costs, total 5988.95 (3631.9-11256) 5043.27 (3478.18-7509.26) <0.001
Semi-private (two beds) 5988.95 (4034.62-10977.6) 5043.27 (3593.37-7986.34) 0.001
Recovery room 200.95 (89.47-1074.82) 146.24 (45.9-478.37) 0.017
Pharmacy 4624.77 (3066.82-8399.08) 3996.34 (2846.9-6625.02) 0.012
Medical supplies, total 22847.96 (20094.91-28863.93) 17596 (15128.1-22072.74) <0.001
General 8617.33 (6756.24-10813.96) 8628.13 (7055.87-10695.34) 0.52
Sterile supply 58.97 (41.61-122.86) 45.9 (25.7-105.12) 0.014
Pacemaker 7462.96 (7109.36-7470.65) 7470.65 (7154.99-7470.65) 0.78
Other implant 14239.66 (12246-16612.05) 8569.83 (7082.27-10406.36) <0.001
ICU costs 6008.37 (2972.66-13837.5) 4621.24 (2774.95-10837.12) 0.002
Lab costs 1459.67 (983.55-2653.66) 1203.69 (883.5-2055.03) 0.002
Radiology 634.19 (397.91-1149.22) 532.44 (324.91-883.4) <0.001
Operating room, total 7832.11 (6096.34-10603.66) 7899.97 (6326.13-10232.35) 0.71
General 6449.29 (4987.75-9063.81) 6474.15 (5179.32-8466.51) 0.59
Minor surgery 216.98 (129.96-426.61) 281.95 (144.66-281.95) 0.83
Anesthesia 1439.07 (1133.23-1779.42) 1406.59 (1201.95-1708.03) 0.74
RBC tranfusion costs, mean (SD) 531.27 (1352.71) 464.9 (1130.93) 0.5
Respiratory 1913.32 (1372.99-3016.91) 1524.3 (1183-2410.95) <0.001
Emergency Room, mean (SD) 188.9 (607.59) 140.39 (387.46) 0.21
Cardiology 518.36 (145.29-1698.91) 538.17 (270.35-1425.34) 0.74
EKG/EEG 84.6 (61.28-143.35) 68.49 (58.25-112.79) 0.004
Other services, mean (SD) 409.66 (1704.78) 487.62 (5531.37) 0.82
Professional fees 15.37 (9.07-143.64) 11.11 (8.71-30.49) 0.005
Other costs, mean (SD) 87.95 (351.48) 39.57 (188.26) 0.022
Abbreviations: SAVR - Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement; IQR - interquartile range; SD - standard deviation; SMD - Standardized Mean Difference; USD – United States Dollar; CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; EKG – Electrocardiogram; EEG – Electroencephalogram
Overall missing cost data: 47 semi-private room, 447 recovery room, 8 general medical supplies, 128 sterile medical supplies, 610 pacemaker, 13 other implant supplies, 9 general OR, 648 minor surgery, 8 anaesthesia
* p-values obtained from chi-squared tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, or two sample t-tests as appropriate Abbreviations: SAVR - Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement; IQR - interquartile range; SD - standard deviation; SMD - Standardized Mean Difference; USD – United States Dollar; CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; EKG – Electrocardiogram; EEG – Electroencephalogram
Overall missing cost data: 47 semi-private room, 447 recovery room, 8 general medical supplies, 128 sterile medical supplies, 610 pacemaker, 13 other implant supplies, 9 general OR, 648 minor surgery, 8 anaesthesia
* p-values obtained from chi-squared tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, or two sample t-tests as appropriate Abbreviations: SAVR - Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement; IQR - interquartile range; SD - standard deviation; SMD - Standardized Mean Difference; USD – United States Dollar; CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; EKG – Electrocardiogram; EEG – Electroencephalogram
Overall missing cost data: 47 semi-private room, 447 recovery room, 8 general medical supplies, 128 sterile medical supplies, 610 pacemaker, 13 other implant supplies, 9 general OR, 648 minor surgery, 8 anaesthesia
* p-values obtained from chi-squared tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, or two sample t-tests as appropriate Abbreviations: SAVR - Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement; IQR - interquartile range; SD - standard deviation; SMD - Standardized Mean Difference; USD – United States Dollar; CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery; EKG – Electrocardiogram; EEG – Electroencephalogram
Overall missing cost data: 47 semi-private room, 447 recovery room, 8 general medical supplies, 128 sterile medical supplies, 610 pacemaker, 13 other implant supplies, 9 general OR, 648 minor surgery, 8 anaesthesia
* p-values obtained from chi-squared tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, or two sample t-tests as appropriate