Figure legends
FIGURE 1 A schematic illustration about how natural enemies and
migration from core habitats (in red color) may affect local adaptation
in edge habitats (blue color). Populations of a focal species (victim)
may evolve alone (a), or with immigrations from the core habitats (b).
Victim/enemy populations in the edge habitats may coevolve without
immigration (c), with immigration of enemy (d), or with joint
immigration of enemy and victim (e) from the core habitats. Predicted
strength of evolutionary driving forces (genetic variation and the
efficiency of abiotic selection) in victim populations are indicated as
the number of ‘+’ signs.
FIGURE 2 Average bacterial population density (± se) for each
treatment during the evolution experiment.
FIGURE 3 Growth performance of bacterial populations sampled
from the (co)evolution lines, measured in the absence of phages and
without immigration. Dashed line (mOD = 289) referred to the ancestral
genotype. Scatter data points are shown together with boxplot summaries
(the boxes covering the 25th to 75th percentiles of the data, the middle
lines being the medians, and the whiskers extended from the boxes
hinging to the smallest or largest value no further than 1.5 times of
interquartile range). Asterisks represent significant difference in
bacterial density from the ancestor (nsP> 0.05, *P < 0.05,**P < 0.01,***P < 0.001,****P < 0.0001).
FIGURE 4Resistance
of bacteria from coevolution lines against phages from their own
microcosms (top), or phages from the core habitats (bottom). Scatter
data points are shown together with boxplot summaries.