Study Year Country ICIs Type Tumor Type Treatmentline Study center PPI treatment window Main Endpoint Patients number PPIs user number(\sout%) NOS score
Afzal 2019 USA Ipil/Pemb Melanoma UK single-center at the time of ICIs initiation OS 120 29 (24.2%) 5
Zhao 2019 China Pemb/Nivo/SHR-1210 NSCLC 1,2,3ormore single-center within 1 month before or after ICIs initiation PFS and OS 109 40(36.7%) 7
Chalabi 2020 worldwide Atezo NSCLC 2or more multicenter 30 days before and after ICIs initiation PFS and OS 757 234(31%) 8
Cortellini 2020 Italy Pemb/Nivo/Atezo NSCLC /Melanoma/RCC and others 1or more multicenter within the 30 days before ICIs initiation ORR, PFS and OS. 1012 491 (48.5%) 7
Hopkins 2020 Worldwide Atezo advanced urothelial cancer 1or 2 multicenter 30 days prior and after ICIs initiation. PFS and OS 1360 471 (35%) 8
Santamaría 2020 Spain Pemb/Nivo/Atezo/Ipil NSCLC/RCC/Melanoma/bladder cancer 1or 2 or more multicenter within 4 weeks before or after ICIs started or any time later PFS and OS 102 78 (77.2%) 7
Svaton 2020 Czech Nivo NSCLC 1or 2 or more multicenter 1 month before and after ICIs initiation PFS and OS 224 64 (28.6%) 6
Buti 2020 Italy Pemb/Nivo NSCLC, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, others any single-center within 30 days before ICIs initiation ORR, PFS and OS. 217 104 (47.9%) 6
Cortellini 2021 Italy and UK Pemb NSCLC first- line multicenter within the 30 days before ICIs initiation ORR, PFS and OS. 950 474 (49.9%) 7
Gaucher 2021 France Ipil/Pemb/Nivo Melanoma 1,2,3ormore single-center upon initiation of ICI treatment or in the following 60 days OS 108 39 (36.2%) 6
Husain 2021 USA PD1/L1/CTLA-4 NSCLC and Melanoma 1or 2 single-center at time of ICIs OS 1091 415 (38%) 7
Jun 2021 USA, Europe, and Asia PD-1/CTLA-4 HCC 1,2,3ormore multicenter within 30 days before ICI initiation ORR and OS 314 110(35%) 7
Peng 2021 USA Nivo/Pemb NSCLC, Melanoma, RCC, TCC, or HNSCC 1,2,3ormore single-center 0 to 30 days before or after ICIs initiation PFS and OS 233 89 (38.2%) 7
Bañobre 2021 Spain Atezo/Pemb/Nivo metastatic urothelial carcinoma 1or 2 or more multicenter 30 days before the start of first ICIs infusion. ORR, DCR, PFS and OS 119 54 (45%) 6