Main results
For OS, all 14 studies including 6716 cancer patients receiving ICIs
treatment are analyzed for influence of concomitant PPIs exposure on OS.
The fixed effect model was applied since no obvious heterogeneity
existed (Q test P=0.362, I2=8.288).
The result demonstrated that
concomitant PPIs use had significantly shorter OS among patients
receiving ICIs therapy compared to PPIs-unexposed ones, the pooled HR
for OS was 1.388 (95%CI:1.278-1.498, P<0.001) (Figure 2A).
Nine studies including 4866 patients undergoing ICIs therapy are
available for analysis of effect of concomitant PPIs use on PFS. The
fixed-effect model was applied since the heterogeneity was acceptable (Q
test P=0.109, I2=38.888). Similarly, the result
indicated that PPIs use could also shorten PFS of cancer patients
receiving ICIs treatment, the pooled HR for PFS was
1.285(95%CI:1.193-1.384, P<0.001) (Figure 2B).