InSurE, intubate-surfactant-extubate; LISA, less invasive surfactant
administration; RR, relative risk; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; n,
number; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; BPD, bronchopulmonary
dysplasia; hsPDA, hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus;
NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; d,
days; IQR, interquartile range.
** Chi-Square Test test; ***Fisher’s exact test.; #Mann–Whitney U-test