Characteristics |
Total |
Stable |
Loss |
Moderate gain |
Excess gain |
|
|
(-1 to <1 kg/m2) |
(>1
kg/m2) |
(1 to <3 kg/m2) |
(≥3 kg/m2) |
|
n=6264 |
n=2548; 40.7% |
n=643; 10.3% |
n=2146; 34.3% |
n=927;
14.8% |
Maternal age in the first pregnancy, years |
28.36 + 4.31 |
28.58
+ 4.32 |
28.61 + 4.64 |
28.49 + 4.17 |
27.27
+ 4.18 |
Ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
|
Chinese |
2600 (41.5) |
1192 (46.8) |
275 (42.8) |
916 (42.7) |
217
(23.4) |
Malay |
1902 (30.4) |
704 (27.6) |
182 (28.3) |
620 (28.9) |
396
(42.7) |
Indian |
666 (10.6) |
231 (9.1) |
79 (12.3) |
233 (10.9) |
123
(13.3) |
Others |
1096 (17.5) |
421 (16.5) |
107 (16.6) |
377 (17.6) |
191
(20.6) |
BMI at 12-week gestation in the first pregnancy, kg/m2
|
23.76 + 4.97 |
23.19 + 5.04 |
25.36 + 5.44 |
23.35 + 4.48 |
25.17 + 5.02 |
BMI categories at 12-week gestation in the first pregnancy |
|
|
|
|
|
Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) |
585 (9.3) |
319
(12.6) |
17 (2.7) |
197 (9.2) |
52 (5.6) |
Normal weight (18.5-22.9 kg/m2) |
2719 (43.4) |
1209
(47.4) |
242 (37.6) |
974 (45.4) |
294 (31.7) |
Overweight (23-27.4 kg/m2) |
1785 (28.5) |
607 (23.8) |
208 (32.3) |
656 (30.6) |
314 (33.9) |
Obesity (≥27.5kg/m2) |
1175 (18.8) |
413 (16.2) |
176
(27.4) |
319 (14.8) |
267 (28.8) |
BMI at 12-week gestation in the second pregnancy,
kg/m2
|
24.92 + 5.40 |
23.33 + 5.03 |
23.35 + 5.27 |
25.23 + 4.58 |
29.65 +
5.32 |
BMI categories at 12-week gestation in the second pregnancy |
|
|
|
|
|
Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) |
416 (6.6) |
286
(11.2) |
81 (12.6) |
48 (2.2) |
1 (0.1) |
Normal weight (18.5-22.9 kg/m2) |
2262 (36.1) |
1210
(47.5) |
302 (47.0) |
694 (32.3) |
56 (6.0) |
Overweight (23-27.4 kg/m2) |
1972 (31.5) |
626 (24.6) |
145 (22.6) |
887 (41.3) |
314 (33.9) |
Obesity (≥27.5kg/m2) |
1614 (25.8) |
426 (16.7) |
115
(17.8) |
517 (24.2) |
556 (60.0) |
Interpregnancy BMI change, kg/m2
|
0.97 (-0.04 –
2.21) |
0.19 (-0.25 – 0.59) |
-1.72 (-2.40 – -1.31) |
1.84 (1.40 –
2.32) |
4.02 (3.45 – 4.95) |
Interpregnancy interval, years |
1.44 (0.89 – 2.19) |
1.39 (0.88 –
2.04) |
1.34 (0.84 – 1.97) |
1.49 (0.89 – 2.27) |
1.61 (0.97 –
2.61) |