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\begin{document}

\title{Investigating the association between allergic diseases and COVID-19 in
400 Iranian patients}



\author[1]{AmirHosein Darabi}%
\author[1]{Saeed Keshmiri}%
\author[1]{Sara Joazan}%
\author[1]{Rahim Tahmasebi}%
\author[2]{Ali  Movahed}%
\author[1]{Marjan Zamani}%
\author[2]{Shokrollah Farrokhi}%
\affil[1]{Boushehr University of Medical Sciences}%
\affil[2]{Bushehr University of Medical Sciences}%


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  \date{June 18, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Background: Allergic diseases may play a role as a predisposing factor
for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to
investigate the allergy comorbidity and their association with the
patients with COVID-19. Methods: Demographic data, clinical symptoms,
laboratory and radiologic findings and having underlying diseases of the
patients were resgistered. Allergic diseases were identified by using
the standard GA2LEN questionnaire. The severity of COVID-19 was assessed
by visual analog scale (VAS) and ICU admission. Results: Of 400 COVID-19
patients, 158 (39.5\%) had allergic diseases. And, there was a reversely
association beween an having allergy comorbidity and the severity of
COVID-19 infection (P= 0.005, relative risk, 0.96; 95\% CI, 0.77-1.19).
The frequency of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis,
atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, and food or drug allergy was
7.3\%, 16\%, 1.8\%, 5\%, 10\% and 13.3\%, respectively. Importantly,
only AR was reversly associated with the severity of COVID-19 (P= 0.02,
relative risk, 0.96; 95\% CI, 0.77-1.19). Additionally, 43\% of the
patients presented hypoxemia, and 93.5\% had chest CT scan involvement.
Interestingly, patients with allergic than non allergic diseases had
significantly lower hypoxemia and chest CT involvement (P= 0.002 and P=
0.003, respectively). Conclusion: This study showed that allergic
diseases were not found to be a predisposing factor for the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Importantly,
the patients with AR developed mild symptoms of COVID-19 and they were
admitted to ICU significantly less than the non-AR patients.%
\end{abstract}%



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