Statistical analysis
Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were used to determine MDRO incidence and to assess demographic differences between participants with MDRO-positive cultures and those without a history of cultured MDRO. To assess risk factors for MDRO positivity we used univariate mixed logistic regression to compare clinical outcome variables that occurred one year prior to MDRO acquisition versus those without MDRO. We used Wilcoxon rank sum test to make a paired comparison between pre-MDRO and post-MDRO clinical variables. We also used Wilcoxon rank sum test to assess if having MDRO positivity increases the risk of complications by comparing clinical outcomes after MDRO-positive cultures to those without a history of cultured MDRO. In secondary analysis, we excluded participants with MRSA and reanalyzed our data using the same statistical tests. Data were analyzed by SASĀ® (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) 9.4 version. A P -value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Missing data were excluded from the analyses.