Figure
1 . (a) Bathymetry of the numerical model (GLORYS12V1) domain, with
black and red stars indicating, respectively, the location of the
mooring observation site (10.5°N, 131.3°W) and SSHlow(5°N, 131.3°W). (b) Bandpass filtered time series (purple lines) of
SSHlow, SSHhigh, Uobs,
and Vobs, having periods of 25–40 days superimposed on
their original time series (light gray lines). Note that SSH data are
from Farrar et al. (2021) and the color of time series matches with that
of the axis of ordinates. (c) Power spectral density of
SSHlow (black line), SSHhigh (gray
line), Uobs (blue line), and Vobs (pink
line). Vertical bars indicate the 95% confidence interval. Coherences
and phases between SSHlow and Uobs(SSHlow and Vobs), and
SSHhigh and Uobs(SSHhigh and Vobs) are represented by a
dark blue line (dark pink line), and a light blue line (light pink
line), respectively. The phases between the SSHhigh and
the in-situ near-bottom current data are not shown here because of the
low coherences between them. Horizontal dashed lines denote the 95%
significance level (0.137). Vertical dashed lines indicate 32-day
periods and the yellow shaded areas indicate a TIW frequency band
(periods of 25–40 days).
The zonal wavenumber-frequency power spectral density (two-dimensional
PSD) averaged over 0°–7°N for Farrar SSH resembles the spectrum shown
in Farrar (2011), which is thought to be a common feature associated
with the TIW (Figure 2a). The domain used was 0°–7°N, 140°–80°W
(yellow box in Figure 1a) and the observation period is from January 1,
2004 to December 31, 2013. Two-dimensional PSDs from longitude-time
sections of the data at different latitudes are averaged, resulting in a
function of negative zonal wavenumber and frequency (Figure 2). The
resulting two-dimensional PSD may allow us to identify the
spatio-temporal character of the observed features in the area of active
TIWs (the regions surrounded by a yellow box in Figure 1a).
Two-dimensional PSDs of the numerical simulation results show high
values in the frequency band of periods 25–40 days and in the
wavenumber band of wavelength 9°–20° with concentrated values near the
32-day periods (the domains surrounded by the boxes with white lines in
Figures 2b–d). It is suggested that TIWs can affect the currents in the
deep layer because the distributions of energy of velocity components at
3992-m depth from GLORYS12V1 shows similar characters to those of TIWs.