Postpartum hemorrhage
Two trials that only included nulliparous women provided data on this outcome. The result of meta-analysis indicated that women in lubricant group had no statistically difference in postpartum hemorrhage when compared with those in standard care group (MD -41.06 ml, 95%CI -112.47 to 30.35; I2=95%) (Figure S30). There was insufficient data for subgroup analysis.