Competitive reshuffling
In W plots, where we observed competitive reshuffling, competitive effects strongly increased for the dominant species, mostly driven by the subdominant species group (Fig 3, S8, Table S3). This enhanced competitive pressure on the dominant species was not present in any other global change treatment (Fig 3, Table S3). Competitive effects also increased on the subdominant species, driven by enhanced competition from the moderate species group (Fig 3, S8, , Table S3). Predictive steady-state distributions show that this was likely driven by competition for ambient N, as both moderate and subdominant species respond positively to ambient N in W plots (Fig 2). Thus at higher levels of ambient N, the subdominant species are outcompeted by the moderate species (Fig 4). Finally, net competition weakened slightly in W plots for rare species (Fig 3, Table S3), via reduced competition from the dominant species (Fig S8), consistent with the increase of rare species in these plots over time.