Methods
This is an observational retrospective cohort study done at King
Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia approved by
ethical committee. The exclusion criteria were baseline serum creatinine
(SCr) ≥ 4 mg/dL or preexisting renal failure requiring dialysis,
reoperation, death within 24 hours postoperatively, and operative
mortality or missing data. 941 patients were included in the analysis
using the statistical software SPSS , version 15.0.