3.5 Multiple drivers accounting for microbiome
A driving model is constructed based on the Spearman and Mantel test to explore how petroleum affects and drives the diversity and composition of soil physicochemical properties, metallome, and microbiome in the complex soil environment (Fig. 6 ). The results showed that after TPH entered the soil, the contents of TC and TN increased significantly, and the bacteria decreased α diversity (p < 0.05) significantly. In addition, petroleum hydrocarbons could directly change the soil metal group, bacterial and fungal community composition (p < 0.05). In addition, it also indirectly affected the soil metal group through TC and TN (p < 0.05), and the soil metal group indirectly affected the composition of bacterial community and fungi α diversity was affected (p < 0.05).