Intervention (n = 161) Control (n = 160)
Maternal characteristics
Age [mean (SD) years] 33.3 (4.4) 34.1 (4.8)
Country of birth (Ireland) 142 (88.2) 139 (86.9)
Ethnicity (white) 156 (96.9) 158 (98.8)
Paternal characteristics
Age [mean (SD) years] 35.3 (5.7) 35.9 (5.5)
Country of birth (Ireland) 142 (88.2) 143 (89.4)
Ethnicity (white) 157 (97.5) 159 (99.4)
Infant characteristics
Sex (male) 79 (49.1) 85 (53.1)
Gestational age [mean (SD) weeks] 39.7 (1.1) 39.5 (1.1)
Birth weight [mean (SD) kg] 3.6 (0.4) 3.6 (0.5)
Mode of delivery
Vaginal 98 (61.3) 103 (64.4)
Caesarean section 62 (38.8) 57 (35.6)
Age randomised [mean (SD) days] 1.9 (1.0) 1.8 (0.8)
Baseline TEWL [median (IQR) gwater/m2/h] 9.31 (7.25, 12.41) 9.25 (7.44, 13.31)
Baseline NMF [median (IQR) g/g protein] 0.32 (0.22, 0.42) 0.33 (0.25, 0.41)
Family history of atopy
Maternal atopy
Allergic rhinitis 81 (50.3) 63 (39.4)
Atopic dermatitis 40 (24.8) 56 (35.0)
Asthma 54 (33.5) 63 (39.4)
Any maternal atopy 112 (69.6) 107 (67.3)
Paternal allergy
Allergic rhinitis 66 (41.8) 75 (47.2)
Atopic dermatitis 43 (27.2) 45 (28.3)
Asthma 56 (35.4) 53 (33.3)
Any paternal atopy 101 (63.9) 107 (67.3)
Two parents with atopic history 52 (32.9) 54 (34.2)
Participant with at least one sibling 87 (54.0) 94 (58.8)
Of which, at least one sibling with
Allergic rhinitis
20 (23.0)
21 (22.3)
Atopic dermatitis
35 (40.2)
41 (43.6)
Asthma
12 (13.8)
13 (13.8)
FLG genotyping
FLG wildtype
96/117 (82.1)
113/136 (83.1)
FLG null mutation (one)
21/117 (17.9)
22/136 (16.2)
FLG null mutation (two)
0
1/136 (0.7)