Study site and species
The
study was conducted at a highway bridge (126°57′26′′ E, 45°32′52′′ N) in
Acheng district, Heilongjiang Province, northeast China. A large number
of V. sinensis roost under
the bridge. In summer, female V. sinensis roost and breed
offspring here, forming a nursery (Wang.,
BY Shi, X Zhao, Feng., & Jiang., 2020). The population of bats arrives
in the summer roost in the middle of June and leaves the summer roost by
the end of September. We found thatFalco amurensis started to
prey on V. sinensis during mid-August in 2018; this provided an
opportunity to determine the effects of predation on activity rhythms ofV. sinensis .