The first two dimensions of the PCA resolved approximately 70.6 % of the total variance in traits, with the x axis explaining 44.7 % and the y axis explaining 25.9 % (Fig. 6 ). The x axis opposed the maximum height to leaf dry weight and leaf area traits, while the y axis opposed total biomass and reproduction to survival. Interestingly, traits did not clearly share high correlation across axes. PCA clustering revealed clear differences in trait response between species.L. corniculatus segregated largely to the negative direction of the first dimension, whereas D. glomerata and P. lanceolata segregated largely in positive and negative second dimension respectively. In contrast, climate was not clustered following a PCA analysis – with all climate level confidence interval ellipsoids overlapping even at the 5 % level.