2.2. SPRC model
It is important to identify a clear platform for connecting security risk assessment to the engineering approach for vulnerability assessment. The conceptual Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence-Model (SPRC-Model) was proposed in 2001. It shows a simple causal chain ranging from the basic sources of danger (sources) through the links and lines of interactions (pathways) which make impacts on elements at risk (receptors) and finally assess the effects of disasters on receptors (consequences) (Schanze, 2006). The SPRC method is a conceptual method to evaluate vulnerability and the risk of floodwater, vulnerability, and risk assets against floodwater occurrence can be estimated and measured. Figures 5 and 6 show the process of this methodology. As illustrated in figure 5, the interaction between assets and source of danger plays an important role while it is defined as pathways.