Figure 1. In vitro experimental setup.
(A) The saline solution in the water pool was kept at 37 °C using a thermostatic system and it was driven across the surface of the myocardial tissue at a flow rate of 5 L/min to simulate blood flow. The solution in the water pool was adjusted to 90 and 140 ohms of baseline LI for MiFi and STABLEPOINT, respectively. (B) Lesions were created on the porcine myocardial left ventricles by 2 LI-sensing ablation catheters. (C) RFCA was performed with a constant power of 30 watts and a duration of 30 seconds. The CF and catheter contact angles were changed in each set.
LI = local impedance, CF = contact force, RFCA = radiofrequency ablation.