Camera-trapping
Jaguars were most active during two periods within a 24-hour cycle,
07:00-08:00 and 22:00-23:00 hours (Figure 2). The occupancy models show
that two of the five pairs of species (P. onca + P. tajacuand P. onca + C. paca ) occur more frequently than they
would if they were independent
(ΨBA > ΨBa; Table 1).
This assessment is supported by the nu parameter values of
SIF<1 (Table 2) which also indicate P. tajacu andC. paca show a higher occupancy in the presence of jaguars. The
other three species pairing (P. onca + D. punctata,P. onca + M. temama, and P. onca + M.
pandora ) show an independent (ΨBA =
ΨBa, SIF = 1) co-occurrence but were not detected. In
contrast, the co-detection of the species pairing of P.
onca + D. punctata , P. onca + M. temama, andP. onca + M. pandora showed a positive interaction; these
prey species and jaguars were detected more frequently than if they were
independent (rBA>rBa;
Table 2). This assessment is also corroborated by the rhoparameter value of SIF> 1. Our analysis also revealed
independence of co-detection for P. onca + P. tajacu andP. onca + C. paca(rBA = rBa, SIF = 1, Table 2) and as
noted in the best seven models (Table 3).