The mean age of 285 pediatric patients was 5.25 ±2.92. The youngest patient was 4 months old and the oldest one was 10 years old. Statistical data on gender, age, CM, PSE, method of delivery, allergy status and dermatological diagnoses are presented in Table 1.

58 patients were found to have allergies related to pollen, dust, food, drugs, bee stings, allergic asthma, or allergic rhinitis. In the NAD group of 59 patients, there were diagnoses of seborrheic dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, nummular dermatitis, napkin dermatitis, neurodermatitis, and photocontact dermatitis.

34 (11,9%) patients had a viral infection (molluscum or verruca vulgaris), 14 (4,9%) patients had impetigo, 18 (6,3%) patients had tinea or candida which were grouped as ISD. The “other diseases” group included patients with vitiligo, nevus, urticaria, acne vulgaris, hemangioma, and pityriasis alba.

Table 2 presents statistical data comparing delivery method and diagnoses. Accordingly, allergy diagnoses were 3.3 times higher in those born by CS (p<0.001, 95% CI=1.695-6.472). No significant difference was found in both AD and NAD groups. However, scabies was found to be 2.4 times higher in those born by NVD (p=0,032, 95% CI=1,057-5,444). It was also noted that ISD were more common in those born by CS (p=0,057).

Comparison of AD status in NVD and CS groups according to sociodemographic characteristics is shown in Table 3. Accordingly, the risk of AD was found to be significantly higher in children with PSE who were born by CS (p=0,045). It was also observed that allergic children had a risk for AD in both NVD (p=0,076) and CS (p=0,018), but this risk was 3.1 times higher in CS delivery (p=0,038, 95% CI= 1,065-9.139 ).

Table 4 illustrates the comparison of NAD status in the NVD and CS groups based on sociodemographic characteristics. The results indicate that PSE reduces the risk of NAD in children born by NVD (p=0,051).

According to the ISD comparisons in Table 5, the risk of ISD was lower in children born by CS whose parents were consanguineous (p=0,080). Notably, the rate of ISD in the 0-3 age group in normal-born children decreased from 21,2% to 10,3% in children over 3 years of age (p=0,139). Additionally, CS-born allergic children showed a lower prevalence of ISD (p=0.037).

Sociodemographic characteristics and allergy status did not significantly impact the occurrence of scabies in both normal and cesarean deliveries. No significant relationship was found between sociodemographic characteristics and allergy status based on the mode of delivery.