Study selection outcome and characteristics
There were 1892 relevant articles retrieved ultimately, among which 272 were duplicate articles. After screening layer by layer, 31[4-33] articles were finally included, including 24 in English and 7 in Chinese, including 18 propensity matching studies and 4 master’s thesis. Figure 1 shows the screening process.
The mean age of the included 12998 participants was 51.60 years. The follow-up time range is 1–50.5 months. Table 1 displays the main characteristics in detail.