Conclusion
With the data that is available in the published literature shows no increased risk with biologics over disease matched cohorts with respect to congenital malformations, preterm delivery, neonatal infection, small for gestational age, low birth weight, miscarriage and pre-eclampsia. There is a suggestion of an increased risk of maternal infections in the treated group but this is likely due to the lack of studies examining this outcome.
With over 11172 pregnancies exposed to biologics, our study shows these medications are predominantly safe for the fetus and the mother. More evidence is required to prove the likely protective effects of these medications from unwanted outcomes that disease flare may cause in CID affected pregnancies. This is important for gastroenterologists, rheumatologists and obstetricians alike when reassuring women regarding continuation of treatment throughout pregnancy and for refractory disease during childbearing years.