2.2 Treatment and therapeutic index
All patients received glucocorticoid treatment after diagnosis to control hemolysis. The initial treatment included methylprednisolone intravenous infusion (1 mg/kg/d) and vitamin E (300 mg/day), and the dose of methylprednisolone was increased as appropriate if hemolytic crisis occurred. Some patients received blood cell transfusion if Hb<60 g/L and/or PLT<10*109/L.
Chemotherapy regimens: low-dose DA or HA regimens, which included DNR (40 mg/d, d1; 20 mg/d, d2-3) and Ara-C (100 mg/d, d1-5 or d1-7) or HHT (2-3 mg/d, d1-5) and Ara-C (100 mg/d, d1-5), respectively. The chemotherapy regimens were administered intravenously every 4 weeks for one to three cycles. The concomitant administration of hematopoietic growth factors (EPO or G-CSF), immunosuppressive drugs, vitamin E, sodium bicarbonate, and other supportive therapies (including isolation wards, component blood support when necessary, anti-infectives when infection occurred and anticoagulation treatment) was also performed.