ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank the many field assistants who helped with the collection of
these field data, especially Luke Burlingame, Tyrone Donnelly, Aaron
Gottesman, and Kyle Hogrefe for their multi-year efforts. Bob Wisseman
of Aquatic Biology Associates (Corvallis, Oregon, USA) analyzed all
arthropod samples. James Helmericks graciously provided his insights and
multi-year observations from Colville Village, Alaska, and Paul Kaigelak
provided useful feedback on goose research techniques. The NPR-A
Subsistence Advisory Panel and North Slope Borough departments of
Planning and Community Service and Wildlife Management also provided
helpful guidance of our research efforts. John Reed facilitated the data
releases. The authors declare no conflict of interest, and any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.