species species species species
variable BLBR LSGO SESA LALO
(a) reproductive phenology and investment (a) reproductive phenology and investment (a) reproductive phenology and investment (a) reproductive phenology and investment (a) reproductive phenology and investment
snow cover annual date 50% snow cover annual date 50% snow cover annual date 50% snow cover annual date 50% snow cover
temperature annual thaw-degree days (TDD) from 1 Jan–10 Jun annual thaw-degree days (TDD) from 1 Jan–10 Jun annual thaw-degree days (TDD) from 1 Jan–10 Jun annual thaw-degree days (TDD) from 1 Jan–10 Jun
(b) chick growth (b) chick growth (b) chick growth (b) chick growth (b) chick growth
resource abundance Carex subspathacea biomass (g m-2) on day 15 Carex subspathacea biomass (g m-2) on day 15 ave. mg arthropods 3-day-1 ave. mg arthropods 3-day-1
nest timing incubation – date 50% snow incubation – date 50% snow initiation – date 50% snow initiation – date 50% snow
temperature lifetime TDD (°C) lifetime TDD (°C) 3-day ave. (°C) 3-day ave. (°C)
wind 3-day ave. (m s-1) 3-day ave. (m s-1) 3-day ave. (m s-1) 3-day ave. (m s-1)