Introduction
A coronary arteriovenous fistula (CAF) is a rare anomaly caused by abnormal communication between a coronary artery and any cardiac cavity or great vessel.1 While some cases are asymptomatic and found incidentally, others are associated with symptoms including heart failure and myocardial ischemia.2,3,4Symptomatic cases such as those with coronary stealing syndrome and heart failure owing to shunting are indicated for surgery, while asymptomatic cases with anatomical findings such as aneurysm formation also require surgery.4,5,6 Although some studies have reported surgical techniques for CAFs,7,8 few have reported long-term outcomes following surgical repair of CAFs in adults. Herein, we report the clinical characteristics, surgical procedures, and long-term outcomes of 13 patients with CAFs.