2.2.1 Clinical presentation
A 2-day-old Percheron colt was presented for lethargy and urine dripping from the umbilicus. The colt was lethargic and febrile (39.20C; reference range: 37.5-38.60C) on presentation with a firm and subjectively enlarged umbilicus. Ultrasonographic evaluation revealed moderate enlargement of the umbilical vein extending cranially and mild umbilical artery enlargement. IgG stall side snap test revealed partial failure of passive transfer (400 mg/dL; reference range: >800 mg/dL). Initial therapy included intravenous plasma transfusion 1L, antibiotics (ceftiofur sodium 5 mg/kg, intravenously, q 12 hours and amikacin sulfate 25 mg/kg, intravenously, q 24 hours) and flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, intravenously, q 24 hours).
Forty-eight hours after presentation, hematology revealed leukopenia (2,140 cells/uL; reference range: 5-12 x103/uL) characterized by profound neutropenia (663 cells/uL; reference range: 2.18-6.96 x103/uL) and hyperfibrinogenemia (700 mg/dL; reference range: 300-500 mg/dL).