3.3 Glycemic index, inflammatory biomarker, and endotoxin
Any significant differences were observed in terms of glycaemia, LPS,
and inflammatory biomarkers between the two groups at baseline. There
was a remarkable reduction in levels of fasting insulin concentration
(-1.76 μU/ml, -17.49%), HOMA-IR (-0.50, -20%), hs-CRP (-1.25 pg/ml,
-12.94%), and LPS (-5.59 EU/mL, -32.55%) between the two groups (Table
4) (P < 0.05, adjusted for baseline values, sex, energy
intake, and weight changes). Decrease in FPG (-3.63 mg/dL, 3.57%), and
QUICKI (-0.15, -4.33%) were not statistically significant between
groups. Within group differences of insulin, QUICKI, hs-CRP and
endotoxin in the intervention group were significant (P <0.05,
paired Student t-test). All mentioned measurements, with the exception
of hs-CRP, remained unchanged in the placebo group when compared with
the baseline.