INTRODUNCTION
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among males and the second most common cancer worldwide. In addition, it ranks fifth among the causes of cancer-related mortality (1). In daily practice, unlike many types of cancer, PCa is divided into clinically significant (csPCa) and clinically insignificant tumors (cisPCa), and this differentiation is directly related to the survival of the patient (2). Although the widespread use of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening has led to a decrease in cancer-related deaths, it also results in a greater rate of cisPCa diagnosis and treatment (3). The priority in the management of patients diagnosed with PCa is to accurately evaluate the presence of csPCa, effectively demonstrate the extent of the disease at the time of diagnosis, and predict the risk of progression (3). For this purpose, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been increasingly used in recent years, extending the area of use of targeted biopsies and increasing accuracy rates in the differentiation of csPCa and staging (4).
The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scoring, which is used to classify and standardize findings defined in the prostate, facilitates the clinical use of mpMRI (5). In addition to the diagnosis of PCa, mpMRI provides information for the correct assessment of the risk of extraprostatic spread (EPE), seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), and lymph node metastasis (LNM) and may affect the treatment strategy (6). Since the PI-RADS scoring used during the evaluation of mpMRI includes some subjective criteria, the sensitivity of the examination varies depending on the experience of the evaluating physician (5). This increases the importance of using parameters that can be standardized, such as prostate lesion size in order to increase the capacity of mpMRI in determining morphological and functional results, and the lesion size is considered to be correlated with clinical parameters (7).
In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between lesion size determined using mpMRI and histopathological findings of specimens obtained after mpMRI/transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP).