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\begin{document}

\title{Particle-level dynamics of clusters: Experiments in a gas-fluidized bed}



\author[1]{Haifeng Wang}%
\author[1]{Yanpei Chen}%
\author[1]{Wei Wang}%
\affil[1]{Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 20, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The clustering is critical to understanding the multiscale behavior of
fluidization. However, its time-resolved evolution on the particle level
is seldom touched. Here, we explore both the time-averaged and
time-resolved dynamics of clusters in a quasi-2D fluidized bed. Particle
tracking velocimetry is adopted and then clusters are identified by
using the Voronoi analysis. The time-averaged results show that the
cluster hydrodynamic parameters depend highly on the cluster size and
the distance from the wall. The number distribution of the cluster size
follows a power law
(\textasciitilde{}\emph{n\textsubscript{c}}\textsuperscript{-2.2})) of
the percolation theory except for large clusters
(\emph{n\textsubscript{c}}\textgreater{}100). The time-resolved analysis
shows that the cluster coalescence can be simplified as a collision
between two inelastic clusters, during which the net external force is
roughly zero, and a snowplow model is proposed to predict its energy
loss, \selectlanguage{greek}Δ\selectlanguage{english}\emph{E} \textasciitilde{} \emph{t}\textsuperscript{3/2}. The
cluster rupture is suggested to be caused by increasing torque.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Particle-level dynamics of clusters-Experiments in a gas-fluidized bed.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/415950/articles/523703-particle-level-dynamics-of-clusters-experiments-in-a-gas-fluidized-bed}\selectlanguage{english}
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