Treatment Schedule
The frontline treatment of WT was according to the NWTS-5 protocol. Patients with relapsed or refractory WT received AI regimen until disease progression, unacceptable toxicities or patient withdrawal, but no more than 8 courses, and were evaluated efficacy every 2 cycles. AI regimen included doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome (40mg/m2 per day, D1) and irinotecan (50mg/m2 per day with 90-min infusion, d1-5), repeated every 3 weeks. Doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes should be given anti-allergic pretreatment (including cimetidine, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine or phenadryl) half an hour before; atropine should be given half an hour before irinotecan to prevent choline syndrome. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients when they began treatment for AI regimen.