Table 1. Baseline Demographics
Variable All patients (n = 18) FEES (n = 6) Matched (n = 12) p Value
Preoperative —– —– —– —–
Age, years —– —– —– —–
Mean (SD) 57 ± 13 62 ± 15 54 ± 12 0.32
Median (IQR) 59 (48, 68) 67 (59, 71) 56 (47, 64) —–
Male 66.7 (12) 66.7 (4) 66.7 (8) 1.00
Race —– —– —– 0.67
Asian 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) —–
Black 33.3 (6) 16.7 (1) 41.7 (5) —–
Hispanic 5.6 (1) 0 (0) 8.3 (1) —–
White 27.8 (5) 66.7 (4) 8.3 (1) —–
Other 33.3 (6) 16.7 (1) 41.7 (5) —–
BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD 29.7 ± 6.2 32.9 ± 8.2 28.1 ± 4.5 0.23
Tobacco use 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) —–
Diabetes 27.8 (5) 33.3 (2) 25.0 (3) 1.00
Hypertension 72.2 (13) 50.0 (3) 83.3 (10) 0.27
Hyperlipidemia 66.7 (12) 66.7 (4) 66.7 (8) 1.00
EuroSCORE II, mean ± SD 9.0 ± 5.9 6.0 ± 3.2 10.6 ± 6.5 0.06
Intraoperative —– —– —– —–
Bridge to transplant 22.2 (4) 0 (0) 33.3 (4) 0.25
Device —– —– —– 0.61
HeartMate III 72.2 (13) 83.3 (5) 66.7 (8) —–
HeartWare 27.8 (5) 16.7 (1) 33.3 (4) —–
TEE time, minutesa 313.8 ± 86.1 325.2 ± 40.4 308.1 ± 103.0 0.62
CPB time, minutes 94.5 ± 35.0 91.3 ± 26.0 96.1 ± 39.7 0.71
Operative time, minutes 301.1 ± 74.0 308.5 ± 34.3 297.4 ± 88.8 0.38
Total Intubation time, hours 61.1 ± 78.2 68.7 ± 75.9 57.3 ± 82.3 0.77
Values are % (n) unless otherwise indicated. Values are % (n) unless otherwise indicated. Values are % (n) unless otherwise indicated. Values are % (n) unless otherwise indicated. Values are % (n) unless otherwise indicated.
BMI = body mass index; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; EuroSCORE = European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; IQR = interquartile range; TEE = Transesophageal Echocardiogram BMI = body mass index; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; EuroSCORE = European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; IQR = interquartile range; TEE = Transesophageal Echocardiogram BMI = body mass index; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; EuroSCORE = European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; IQR = interquartile range; TEE = Transesophageal Echocardiogram BMI = body mass index; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; EuroSCORE = European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; IQR = interquartile range; TEE = Transesophageal Echocardiogram BMI = body mass index; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; EuroSCORE = European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; IQR = interquartile range; TEE = Transesophageal Echocardiogram
aData unavailable for two patients in matched cohort aData unavailable for two patients in matched cohort aData unavailable for two patients in matched cohort aData unavailable for two patients in matched cohort aData unavailable for two patients in matched cohort