Introduction
As you will see in the first link of YouTube all in the world is
considered material, and every material works in three different states
of the material, the states are: solid, liquid and gas, solid is every
material that you can touch grab with your hand like the computer or
cellphone or tablet in which you are seeing this, solid is every
material that you can touch and grab, the state of liquid is easy to
explain, liquids are everything that share characteristics with water
and the easiest example of the liquids is the water, there are another
examples of liquids like juice, soda, etc. Liquids as solids are
material that you can touch with your hand but there is a difference
between liquids and solids, solids are the material that you can touch
but also you can grab with your hand and liquids are the material that
you can touch with your hand, but you cannot grab water. Gas is the
material that you cannot even see, the gases are material that you
cannot touch or see, the easiest example of a gas is the air, the air is
the most common gas. When you boil the water, it changes of state of the
material from liquid to gas, so you cannot see gas water, but it is
there.
And as you can see in the second video a catalyzer is basically a
substance that speed up a reaction, the chemical definition of a
catalyzer is some chemical that accelerates a process.
A chemical process is the process that make some change in the material,
when a solid change to liquid is a chemical process, when the water is
boiling till evaporating it is a chemical process. So, how does this
concept fit in this experiment? Well, the experiment is making ice cream
without a fridge and we will do it by using a common catalyzer. Our
experiment consists in having the ice in a big bowl and having the juice
on a bowl smaller than the bowl with ice, but how does the concept of
catalyzer is applicated to this? In the ice bowl we put a lot of grain
salt, this is the catalyzer, and the salt accelerates the process of
melting in the ice but between this process and the moment when there is
only cold water, there is a process of reduction of the congelation
point of the ice which means that the ice gets colder than its normal
temperature at melting time, this extra cold is what makes the
experiment successful.