1.2 Objectives
In this review, we discuss the current incorporation of invertebrates and microbes into rewilding and restoration projects and how their use can be improved in the future. First, we explore how invertebrates and microbes have been used in ecosystem restoration to date and provide a summary table that highlights significant knowledge gaps in our approach to invertebrate and microbial rewilding so far. Next, as rewilding has significant ecosystem ramifications (both intentional and unintentional), we discuss scenarios in which invertebrate and microbial rewilding is justified during restoration. Finally, we discuss how invertebrate and microbial rewilding can move forward in the future by utilising their unique characteristics. This includes specific examples of empirical invertebrate and microbial rewilding projects that land managers can use during restoration to improve the recovery of ecosystem functions and biodiversity. Our goal is to challenge the current plant-focussed view of restoration and provide the foundations for a more holistic approach that better values the role of invertebrates and microbes during ecosystem recovery.