Follow-up
All patients were required to accept follow-up at least twice within 6 months after therapy. TEE was performed at 3 months of follow-up to observe if satisfactory occlusion (no PDL or with PDL <5 mm) was maintained. In case of successful occlusion, OAC was discontinued and patients were recommended for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for another 3 months followed by aspirin. Otherwise, the original OAC was continued and a repeated TEE was performed within 3 months. The second follow-up was at 6 months including a 12-lead ECG, Holter and CCTA. 12-lead ECG and Holter were examined to observe the recurrence of AF, and CCTA was reapplied to evaluate postoperative PDL and device endothelialization.