|
Open-grazing |
Controlled grazing |
P-value |
Under canopy |
Clearings |
P-value |
Bulk density (g/cm3) |
0.93 ± 0.15 |
0.92 ± 0.12 |
0.86 |
0.88 ± 0.14
a
|
0.97 ± 0.13 b
|
0.02 |
Ksat (cm/s) |
0.004 ± 0.002 a
|
0.003 ± 0.002 b
|
0.03 |
0.0043 ± 0.0025 a
|
0.0041 ± 0.014 b
|
0.03 |
Infiltration (cm/s) |
0.0032 ± 0.005 a
|
0.0014 ± 0.001
b
|
0.02 |
0.002 ± 0.005 a
|
0.003 ± 0.003
b
|
0.01 |
WHC (%) |
12.26 ± 6.2 |
12.65 ± 6.1 |
0.89 |
12.87 ± 5.7 |
12.03 ± 6.6 |
0.46 |
Aggregate Stability (%) |
54.92 ± 16.4 |
55.72 ± 12.76 |
0.81 |
61.57 ±
12.5 a
|
48.28 ±14.0 b
|
<.001 |
Porosity (%) |
57.1 ± 10.9 |
52.25 ± 12.44 |
0.11 |
55.68 ± 14.8 |
53.65 ± 8.2 |
0.5 |
Total carbon (%) |
4.36 ± 1.17 |
4.71 ± 1.31 |
0.23 |
4.95 ± 1.1
a
|
4.09 ± 1.3 b
|
0.005 |
Kjeldahl (mg/kg) |
2.42 ± 0.48 a
|
2.76 ± 0.67 b
|
0.01 |
2.74 ± 0.6 a
|
2.42 ± 0.58 b
|
0.03 |
Ammonium (mg/kg) |
9.57 ± 5.76 a
|
1.28 ± 1.01 b
|
<.001 |
6.26 ± 5.56 a
|
4.46 ± 4.84
b
|
0.05 |
Nitrate (mg/kg) |
4.06 ± 3.12 |
5.32 ± 4.04 |
0.103 |
4.15 ± 4.04 |
5.26
± 3.1 |
0.11 |
Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) |
360.55 ± 55.94 a
|
519.46 ± 124.17
b
|
<.001 |
453.81 ± 125.26 |
424.96 ±
124.96 |
0.19 |
Inorganic Phosphorus (mg/kg) |
200.52 ± 44.69 a
|
338.67 ± 90.9
b
|
<.001 |
268.76 ± 93.6 |
270.41 ± 106.23 |
0.92 |
Organic Phosphorus (mg/kg) |
160.03 ± 39.23 |
180.79 ± 68.92 |
0.11 |
185.05 ± 64.07 a
|
154.54 ± 44.18 b
|
0.03 |
Olsen Phosphorus (mg/kg) |
4.8 ± 5.06a
|
0.38 ± 0.61b
|
<.001 |
2.86 ± 4.67 |
2.39 ± 3.72 |
0.5 |
pH |
5.42 ± 0.31 a
|
6.10 ± 0.31 b
|
<.001 |
5.91 ± 0.51 a
|
5.61 ± 0.36
b
|
<.001 |
POXC/C |
0.13 ± 0.03 |
0.13 ± 0.04 |
0.43 |
0.14 ± 0.03 a
|
0.12 ± 0.04 b
|
0.05 |
Mineralizable Nitrogen (mg/kg) |
14.71 ± 5.23 |
15.62 ± 5.9 |
0.47 |
17.24 ± 4.55 a
|
13.08 ± 5.67 b
|
0.002 |
Total Nitrogen (%) |
0.24 ± 0.06 |
0.27 ± 0.12 |
0.43 |
0.25 ± 0.06 |
0.25 ± 0.12 |
0.14 |
CEC (cmolc/kg) |
1.4 ± 1.47 a
|
3.99 ± 2.75 b
|
<.001 |
3.96 ± 2.78 a
|
1.25 ± 1.08
b
|
<.001 |
K Rusle Factor |
0.06 ± 0.02 |
0.08 ± 0.05 |
0.09 |
0.09 ± 0.04
a
|
0.05 ± 0.03 b
|
0.02 |