1 INTRODUCTION
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) has been traditionally described as the leading cause of invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies associated with neutropenia and also those with solid organ transplantation, neoplasm, and human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) [1,2]. Recently, the profile of patients at high risk for IPA has expanded to include those with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requiring corticosteroid therapy, severe cirrhosis, and those receiving immunosuppressive therapies (i.e., monoclonal agents) [3]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of IPA associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. We report a case of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in which IPA developed after the start of corticosteroid therapy.