Fig 4. The opposite effects of sevoflurane and propofol on PEDF/Erk/HIF-1α pathway in ovarian cancer cells.
Ovarian cancer cells were administered with media (naïve control), 2.5% sevoflurane, or 4 μg/mL propofol. The expressions of PEDF (A) and HIF-1α (Β) were detected with immunofluorescence. The expression levels of PEDF, p-Erk1/2, Erk1/2, and HIF-1α were evaluated with Western blot analysis (C). The intensity of PEDF and HIF-1α bands was normalised by GAPDH (D and F). While the intensity of p-Erk1/2 band was normalised by Erk1/2 (E). Data was analysed with one-way ANOVA with Dunnett multi-comparison test and presented as mean ± standard deviation and dots plot (n = 6). *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001 versus naïve control. Scale bar: 50 μm. NC: naïve control group; S: sevoflurane group; P: propofol group; PEDF: pigment epithelium-derived factor; p-Erk1/2: phospho-extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2; HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha; ANOVA: analysis of variance.