Conclusions
We identify that the dose of thalidomide between 2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1 to 3.6mg·kg-1·d-1 is effective in 67.5% to 80.5% children with TDT, which is the first available protocol in this indication. Dizziness, lethargy, constipation, abdominal pain, vomiting and nausea are most commonly seen, but most of the symptoms relieve spontaneously. Severe side effects are uncommon. Moreover, HbF concentration of 47.298 g·L-1 at the third month is recommended as the predictor for further major responders.