Parameters | MRSA | No-MRSA | p-value | | Vaginal MRSA | No-vaginal MRSA | p-value |
-group | -group | -group | -group | ||||
(N=55) | (N=843) | (N=9) | (N=889) | ||||
Age, median (interquartile range) | 30 | 31 | 0.3 | | 32 | 31 | 0.48 |
(28.0-34.0) | (28.0-34.0) | (28.5-35.0) | (28.0-34.0) | ||||
Delivery week, median (interquartile range) | 39 (38.0-40.0) | 39 (38.0-40.0) | 0.676 | 39 (39.0-40.0) | 39 (38.0-40.0) | ||
BMI, median (interquartile range) | 21.19 | 20.34 | 0.59 | 20.43 | 20.32 | 0.17 | |
(18.6-23.4) | (19.0-22.4) | (19.8-22.8) | (18.9-22.4) | ||||
Multipara | 37 (67.3) | 408 (48.4) | 0.0078 | 9(100) | 436(49.0) | 0.0017 | |
Parity>=2 | 15(27.3) | 119(14.1) | 0.017 | 6(66.7) | 128(14.4) | 0.0006 | |
Healthcare provider | 16 (29.1) | 116(13.8) | 0.0048 | 0(0.0) | 132(14.8) | 0.37 | |
History of SA | 14 (25.5) | 244(28.9) | 0.65 | 3(33.3) | 255(28.7) | 0.73 | |
History of ART | 4 (7.3) | 63 (7.5) | 0.79 | 0(0.0) | 67(7.54) | 1 | |
Preterm labor at enrollment | 4 (7.3) | 56 (6.6) | 0.78 | 0(0.0) | 60(6.75) | 1 | |
Use of antibiotics during pregnancy | 5 (9.1) | 32 (3.8) | 0.069 | 1(11.1) | 36(4.05) | 0.32 | |
Twin pregnancy | 1(1.8) | 6(0.72) | 0(0.0) | 7(0.79) | |||
GDM | 2 (3.6) | 38 (4.5) | 1 | 0(0.0) | 40(4.50) | 1 | |
HDP | 5(9.1) | 62(7.4) | 0.59 | 0(0.0) | 67(7.54) | 1 | |
Regular visit | 17 (30.9) | 188 (22.3) | 0.45 | 3(33.3) | 202(22.7) | 0.43 | |
Alcohol consumption | 1 (1.8) | 18 (2.1) | 1 | 0(0.0) | 19(2.14) | 1 | |
Smoking | 1 (1.8) | 37 (4.4) | 0.72 | 0(0.0) | 38(4.27) | 1 | |
History of surgery | 3 (5.5) | 64 (7.6) | 0.79 | 2(22.2) | 65(7.31) | 0.14 | |
Hospitalization during pregnancy | 1 (1.8) | 14 (1.7) | 0.62 | 0(0.0) | 15(1.69) | 1 | |
GBS | 10 (18.2) | 104 (12.3) | 0.21 | | 1(11.1) | 113(12.7) | 1 |
Maternal MRSA infection status | n | Neonatal MRSA positive, n(%) | OR (95%CI) | p-value |
No-MRSA group | 843 | 1 (0.12) | ref | |
MRSA-group | 55 | 7 (12.7) | 124 (20.3-1393) | <0.0001 |
Nasal-MRSA group | 46 | 3 (6.38) | 59.2 (6.0-581) | 0.0005 |
Vaginal-MRSA group | 9 | 4 (44.4) | 678 (64.0-7197) | <0.0001 |
| | | | |
No-vaginal MRSA group | 896 | 4 (0.45) | ref | |
Vaginal MRSA group | 9 | 4 (44.4) | 178 (39.9-782) | <0.0001 |
Parameter | OR (95%CI) | p-value |
Maternal MRSA carrier | 158 (18.0-1380) | <0.0001 |
Multiparous | 0.84(0.14-4.92) | 0.85 |
Characteristics | MRSA-group (N=56) | no-MRSA group (N=849) | p-value | | Vaginal MRSA-group (n=9) | No-vaginal MRSA group (n=896) | p-value |
pH<7.15 | 4(7.14) | 35(4.12%) | 0.295 | | 0 | 39(4.35%) | 1.0 |
AP 1 min≦4 | 1(1.79) | 14(1.65%) | 1.0 | | 0 | 15(1.67%) | 1.0 |
AP 5 min≦7 | 0(0.0) | 2(0.24%) | 1.0 | | 0 | 2(0.22%) | 1.0 |
Birthweight < 2500 | 5(8.93) | 77(9.07%) | 1.0 | | 0 | 82(9.15%) | 1.0 |
NICU admission | 7(12.5) | 116(13.66%) | 1.0 | | 0 | 123(13.73%) | 0.618 |
Neonatal SSTIs | 3(5.4) | 7(0.82%) | 0.0197 | | 2(22.22%) | 8(0.89%) | 0.0038 |
Group | Location | Fetal sample | Species | Lesion | Onset day | Symptom | Outcome | Weeks | Weight | pH | AP 1min/5min |
M | N, V | Na, Um | MRSA | Umbilical stump | day1 | Eczema | SR | 40 | 2600 | 7.185 | 9/10 |
M | N, V | Na, Um | MRSA | Trunk, left side of neck | day1 | Impetigo, abscess | Drainage | 39 | 3485 | 7.273 | 8/9 |
M | N, | None | MRSA | Axilla | day3 | Abscess | LD | 40 | 3235 | 7.139 | 8/9 |
non-M | None | GBS, E.coli | Axilla | day1 | Inflammation | LD | 39 | 3020 | 7.385 | 8/9 | |
non-M | None | MSSA | Neck, axilla | day2 | Inflammation | LD | 40 | 3245 | 7.287 | 8/9 | |
non-M | None | MRSA | Head, chest, scrotum | day3 | Rash | LD | 40 | 3565 | 7.314 | 8/10 | |
non-M | None | Entero. faecalis | Jaw | day3 | Impetigo | SR | 40 | 3965 | 7.334 | 8/9 | |
non-M | None | E.coli | Umbilical stump | day4 | Inflammation | SR | 37 | 2940 | 7.349 | 8/9 | |
non-M | None | E.coli | Axilla | day5 | Rash | LD | 40 | 2875 | 7.251 | 8/9 | |
non-M | None | GBS, E.coli | Axilla | day6 | Inflammation | LD | 38 | 2910 | 7.204 | 8/9 |