1. Introduction
Cancer is a constant concern in the world [1-2], it is one of the leading causes of death of adults [3], but relatively rare in children under the age of 15 years [4] and accounts for only 1 to 4% of tumors in population [5]. One in ten deaths is attributable to cancer worldwide [6.7]. Long considered the evil of developed countries, cancer has now become a public health problem in developing countries. In 2000 alone, global statistics showed the following figures for cancer: 22.4 million people suffered from cancer, 10.1 million new cases, 6.2 million deaths were attributable to it (12% of the 56 million deaths). Forecasts for 2030 indicate a 50% increase in cancer rates, with 15 million new cases per year and an annual lethality of 10 million in all age groups [5,8,9]. In Brazzaville, a study case shows that the incidence of childhood cancers was 6.4 cases per 10,000 inhabitants [10]. In Europe childhood cancers are leukemia (40-45%), brain tumors (20%), nephroblastomas and other kidney tumours (8%) monitoring of soft tissue tumours (7%), bone tumors (5%) [11]. Mortality decreases significantly in developed countries and remains high in developing countries [7]. In the coming decades, cancer will be a major cause of morbidity and mortality over infectious and parasitic diseases if health and hygiene measures improve [12]. In Lubumbashi, little is known about epidemiological data. A relative frequency study of childhood cancers was conducted using data from the pediatric oncology unit of University Clinics of Lubumbashi 2018 and 2019. During this period, 99 cases of childhood tumours were reported [13]. It is useful to determine in the coming years the prevalence of cancers in Lubumbashi, risk factors, treatment method, survival especially for the most frequently encountered cancers. This requires a systematic and forward-looking collection of data. This study aims to determine the epidemiological and histological profile of childhood cancers and to take stock of the current state of cancers encountered at the university clinics in Lubumbashi (CUL) in order to propose the relaunch of a national registry of childhood cancers in DR Congo.