Clinical characteristics
After excluding 793 patients, we ultimately studied 2737 from the AF Frontier Ablation Registry who underwent first catheter ablation of AF and completed the follow-up more than 3 months after the procedure (Fig. 1). Table 1 shows the study population’s clinical characteristics. The population’s mean age was 63.4 ± 10.3 years, and 25.6% were female. Patients with paroxysmal AF accounted for 62.7% of the population, and the mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2.1 ± 1.5. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 63.6% ± 9.4%, and the mean left atrial diameter (LAD) was 40.1 ± 6.5 mm. Warfarin was prescribed less frequently than direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) (20.4% vs. 79.6%); 43% of the patients continued to take OACs throughout the follow-up period, and AADs were prescribed for 27.9% of the patients at the end of the follow-up.