Introduction
Conservative, medical and surgical treatments are among the treatment methods for stones in the urinary system, which bear importance in urology practice. The primary goal in the treatment of kidney stones is to provide a maximally stone-free rate (SFR) with minimal morbidity. The treatment of kidney stones has changed significantly in the last 30 years. Treatment options now include percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), which are less invasive than open surgery.1
In recent years, the use of RIRS in the treatment of upper urinary tract stones is on the rise all over the world. One of the most important reasons for the frequent use of this method is the lower complication rate of the method compared with that of PNL and its higher rate of achieving a SFR compared with that of SWL. RIRS continues to be increasingly used as there is an increase in the number of its indications and as surgeons are gradually gaining more experience in performing it.2
Complications associated with RIRS include urinary infection, bleeding, subcapsular hematoma, ureteral injury, avulsion and ureteral stricture. Infective complications are the most common among these and can even become fatal in some cases.3 It has been reported that stone scoring systems that predict the SFR after PNL can also predict postoperative complications.4 However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study in literature evaluating the relationship between the RIRS scoring systems and infective complications after RIRS.
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between infective complications and success rate of RIRS and the Resorlu-Unsal Stone Score (RUSS)5, Modified Seoul National University renal stone complexity score (modified S-ReCS)6 and R.I.R.S score.7