Variable Wheeze Wheeze Asthma Asthma SPT to any allergen SPT to any allergen
OR (95%CI) P value OR (95% CI) p-value OR (95% CI) p-value
Any maternal geohelminth No Yes 1 1.11 (0.76-1.62)
0.594
1 0.81 (0.57-1.16)
0.254
1 0.72 (0.55-0.94)
0.018
Any childhood geohelminth No Yes 1 0.94 (0.64-1.39)
0.740
1 0.84 (0.58-1.20)
0.329
1 0.82 (0.62-1.08)
0.157
Maternal allergy No Yes 1 2.24 (1.14-4.39)
0.019
1 2.07 (1.10-3.88)
0.024
1 1.37 (0.78-2.41)
0.274
Maternal ethnicity Afro-Ecuadorian Non-Afro-Ecuadorian 1 0.88 (0.58-1.34)
0.551
1 0.55 (0.38-0.79)
0.001
1 0.95 (0.70-1.28)
0.725
Area of residence Urban Rural 1 0.60 (0.38-0.97)
0.035
1 0.46 (0.29-0.73)
0.001
1 0.84 (0.62-1.14)
0.269
Sex Male Female 1 0.60 (0.41-0.88)
0.009
1 0.78 (0.55-1.09)
0.149
1 0.70 (0.54-0.90)
0.006
Birth order 1st 2nd – 4th ≥5th 1 1.20 (0.77-1.87) 0.78 (0.43-1.45) 0.416 0.440 1 1.87 (1.19-2.92) 1.26 (0.71-2.24) 0.006 0.438 1 0.81 (0.60-1.09) 1.02 (0.70-1.48) 0.168 0.930
Large farm animals‡ No Yes 1 0.91 (0.60-1.38)
0.650
1 1.17 (0.80-1.71)
0.431
1 0.81 (0.60-1.09)
0.171