Introduction
Cancers remain one of the main causes of long-term mortality after heart
transplantation. According to the International Society of Heart and
Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), 16% of the transplant recipients develop
a cancer within five years and almost 30% within ten years (1,2). Among
this population, 50% develop cutaneous cancers but lymphomas are
frequent as well, representing 10% of these patients (2).
Interestingly, the incidence of lymphoma does not regularly increase
during follow-up but is more important during the 5 years following
transplantation (3). Notably, post-cardiac transplant lymphomas are more
likely extranodal with lesions of the central nervous system, lungs, or
liver (3). However, isolated cardiac graft lymphomas are extremely
unusual and have been poorly reported so far. We aimed at describing the
case of a patient who developed an isolated graft lymphoma after
receiving heart transplantation.