Figures legend
Figure 1. Sagittal view (A) and 3-D reconstruction (B) of a CT chest
showing extensive ascending aortic calcifications in a 71 year-old lady
admitted with unstable angina; coronary angiogram showed severe distal
left main disease.
Figure 2. Geometric characteristics of calcified particles on the
macroscopic scale are demonstrated. Deposits were collected from the
ascending aorta following repeated aortic cross-clamping (ACC). A
baseline recording prior to clamping is denoted by zero on the
horizontal axis. The curve represent embolic load from multiplying the
number of particles with particle area produced at ACC 1 to 10. From
Boivie et al (48)
Figure 3. Intraoperative TOE showing grade IV (>5mm) and
grade 5 (mobile) aortic arch atheroma of a 72 year-old man undergoing
combined right carotid endarterectomy and anaortic OPCAB.
Figure 4. Configuration of grafts to achieve complete revascularisation
using a left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery,
and right internal mammary artery-radial artery tandem graft to lateral
and inferior walls. From Ramponi et al (73)
Figure 5 Network meta-analysis comparing anOPCAB, OPCAB with proximal
anastomotic device, OPCAB with a partial-occlusion clamp, and
traditional on-pump CABG with aortic cross-clamping. Taken from Zhao et
al (19).