The first barley-OFC
We performed 77 barley-OFCs for the patients with a defined wheat allergy. The median age at the barley-OFC was 7.4 (range: 2.9–14.9) years, and 65% were male (Table 1). Twenty-eight (36.3%) patients had positive OFC results. Specific IgE titers to wheat, omega-5 gliadin, and barley were significantly higher in the patients with a positive result than a negative result. Moreover, complete avoidance of wheat or a smaller amount of daily-taking wheat product for oral immunotherapy, which means the earlier stage of OIT at the barley-OFC, was associated with positive results (Table 1, Fig 1).