REFERENCES
1. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global Strategy for Asthma Management
and Prevention, 2020. Available from:www.ginasthma.org. Accessed
August 25, 2020.
2. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2020 report). Available from:
goldcopd.org. Accessed August 25, 2020.
3. Gamble J, Stevenson M, McClean E, Heaney LG. The prevalence of
nonadherence in difficult asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
2009;180(9):817-822.
4. Chen R, Gao Y, Wang H, Shang H, Xuan J. Association Between Adherence
to Maintenance Medication in Patients with COPD and Acute Exacerbation
Occurrence and Cost in China: A Retrospective Cohort Database Study. Int
J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2020;15:963-971.
5. Murphy A, Proeschel A, Linnett M, Bradding P, Green R. Identifying
non-adherence with asthma medication and the relationship to clinical
outcomes amongst adults with difficult-to-control asthma. Allergy 65
(Suppl. 92): 1–77.
6. van Boven JF, Trappenburg JC, van der Molen T, Chavannes NH. Towards
tailored and targeted adherence assessment to optimise asthma
management. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2015;25:15046.
7. Mokoka MC, Lombard L, MacHale EM, et al. In patients with severe
uncontrolled asthma, does knowledge of adherence and inhaler technique
using electronic monitoring improve clinical decision making? A protocol
for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e015367.
8. Vrijens B, De Geest S, Hughes DA, et al. A new taxonomy for
describing and defining adherence to medications. Br J Clin Pharmacol.
2012;73(5):691-705.
9. World Health Organization. (2003). Adherence to long-term
therapies: evidence for action / [edited by Eduardo Sabaté]. World
Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42682.
Accessed September 18, 2020.
10. Tibble H, Flook M, Sheikh A, et al. Measuring and reporting
treatment adherence: What can we learn by comparing two respiratory
conditions? Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;10.1111/bcp.14458.
11. Freedman T. Medihaler therapy for bronchial asthma; a new type of
aerosol therapy. Postgrad Med. 1956;20(6):667-673.
12. Melani AS, Bonavia M, Cilenti V, et al. Inhaler mishandling remains
common in real life and is associated with reduced disease control.
Respir Med. 2011;105(6):930-938.
13. Murphy AC, Proeschal A, Brightling CE, et al. The relationship
between clinical outcomes and medication adherence in
difficult-to-control asthma. Thorax. 2012;67(8):751-753.
14. Engelkes M, Janssens HM, de Jongste JC, Sturkenboom MC, Verhamme KM.
Medication adherence and the risk of severe asthma exacerbations: a
systematic review. Eur Respir J. 2015;45(2):396-407.
15. Breekveldt-Postma NS, Koerselman J, Erkens JA, et al. Treatment with
inhaled corticosteroids in asthma is too often discontinued.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2008;17(4):411-422.
16. Rand CS, Wise RA. Measuring adherence to asthma medication regimens.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;149(2 Pt 2):S69-S78.
17. Horne R. Compliance, adherence, and concordance: implications for
asthma treatment. Chest. 2006;130(1 Suppl):65S-72S.
18. Moran C, Doyle F, Sulaiman I, et al. The INCATM (Inhaler Compliance
AssessmentTM): A comparison with established measures of adherence
[published correction appears in Psychol Health. 2017 Oct;32(10):i].
Psychol Health. 2017;32(10):1266-1287.
19. Vestbo J, Anderson JA, Calverley PM, et al. Adherence to inhaled
therapy, mortality and hospital admission in COPD. Thorax.
2009;64(11):939-943.
20. Gemicioglu B, Bayram H, Cimrin A, et al. Asthma control and
adherence in newly diagnosed young and elderly adult patients with
asthma in Turkey. J Asthma. 2019;56(5):553-561.
21. Kokturk N, Polatli M, Oguzulgen IK, et al. Adherence to COPD
treatment in Turkey and Saudi Arabia: results of the ADCARE study. Int J
Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:1377-1388.
22. Bender BG, Pedan A, Varasteh LT. Adherence and persistence with
fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination therapy. J Allergy Clin
Immunol. 2006;118(4):899-904.
23. Sulaiman I, Cushen B, Greene G, et al. Objective Assessment of
Adherence to Inhalers by Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195(10):1333-1343.
24. Cushen B, Sulaiman I, Greene G, et al. The Clinical Impact of
Different Adherence Behaviors in Patients with Severe Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
2018;197(12):1630-1633.
25. O’Dwyer S, Greene G, MacHale E, et al. Personalized Biofeedback on
Inhaler Adherence and Technique by Community Pharmacists: A Cluster
Randomized Clinical Trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract.
2020;8(2):635-644.
Table 1. Demographic, smoking-related, and clinical characteristics of
subjects (n=66).